Mental Health Services And Policy Social Work Essays

Psychological well-being Services And Policy Social Work Essays Psychological well-being is therefore the passionate and otherworldly strength, which empowers us to appreciate life and to endure torment and frustration and sadness. It is a positive feeling of prosperity and a hidden conviction all alone and others respect and worth. Ongoing transnational and national strategies on emotional well-being embrace a more extensive view than the customary mental model.â â This methodology is aimed at advancing great psychological wellness, forestalling mental sick wellbeing and guaranteeing early intercession when emotional well-being issues happen. It includes looking past counteraction, to the connection between mental prosperity and physical wellbeing; conduct issues; kid misuse; viciousness and medication and liquor abuse.â â In advancement and avoidance strategies such social determinants as living and working conditions; vagrancy; neediness, informal communities and backing, joblessness and chance taking conduct are incorporated. As a res ult it implies tending to the emotional wellness effect of open strategies, projects and plans like: Battling vagrancy Forestalling ghettos and underestimation Advancing value Giving safe water, sanitation and sanctuary Dealing with families with kids and their needs Improving open conditions There have been two major changes in emotional wellness administrations lately. The first was the presentation of care in the network. This was intended to empower emotional well-being administration clients to live in their own homes and neighborhoods with appropriate help as opposed to going into or remaining in emergency clinic. The second is the improvement of the emotional well-being administration survivors development. This has made it feasible for administration clients to represent themselves, state what they need and to attempt to improve the manner in which they are dealt with. What are the primary issues confronting this unique populace, especially around access, quality, and financially savvy care? Significant accentuation was given all through need to rebalance psychological well-being strategy to give a higher need to advancement and, where conceivable, anticipation. Like general wellbeing strategy all the more by and large, psychological wellness experiences the accentuation given to intense, medical clinic based consideration, which keeps on getting the greater part of the assets and consideration. The thought of strengthening gets a lot of empty talk, however profound situated issues of intensity and expert status are in question and ought not be overlooked. Bringing administration clients and their families into heretofore shut dynamic practices and fields can be compromising for experts and undermining for the clients and families. The procedure ought to be straightforward and intended to profit everybody concerned. No single model of care is great, albeit some are plainly more appealing and successful than others. Various nations have various models to offer, and they should hold onto decent variety as a favorable position. Nations ought to be available to and put resources into advancement and change, and quest for better approaches to handle recognizable issues. There is a requirement for better data about improvements in the Region and for similar information on European nations where fitting. Gathering them might be an undertaking for general wellbeing observatories, for which an European development presently exists. The requirement for and significance of learning inside and all the more especially between nations in the Region was pushed. All around put and - prepared to attempt the undertaking of instruction and to assist nations with changing information energetically. The extraordinary greater part of mental issue are high pervasiveness issue, for example, despondency, uneasiness, liquor related scatters and somatiform issue. These have proof based medicines. Improvements in administrations ought not be slowed down by the way that there are as yet numerous unanswered inquiries. There are a lot of chances for genuine advancement in the essential consideration metal wellbeing field. The general practice workforce has a significant job in dealing with these disarranges however can't do only it. Particularly in provincial territories additional assets should be spent in arrangement of available administrations that are proof based. This needs to envelop the full scope of administrations from expert specialist benefits through to help gatherings, self improvement manuals and PC based projects. Further turn of events however Divisions should be done in a deliberate manner and requirements to connect with Divisions and their individuals and meet their plans right off the bat. 2. What are some open arrangements that would bolster the necessities of this exceptional populace? Both hypothetically and methodologically, wellbeing research has as of late progressively focussed on attachment in networks and social orders, people groups integrative needs and activity models that advance joining. The degree of advantages, for example, salary support is low. Due to this it is significant for psychological wellness administration clients who are qualified to make sure about incapacity benefits. In spite of the fact that these advantages are essential to keep up people groups personal satisfaction, they are commonly hard to get and might be hard to keep. Emotional wellness administrations are given by wellbeing and social administrations through consideration the executives and the consideration program approach. Underfunding and issues of coordination imply that the help administration clients get is regularly insufficient, wrong and problematic. Not at all like most other social consideration administration clients, psychological wellness administration clients/survivors are obligated to have their privileges confined and might be liable to lawfully endorsed detainment, necessary treatment and command over their lives and openings. The administration says that care in the network has fizzled. Present recommendations for emotional well-being strategy and practice place an uncommon accentuation on the threat and hazard from psychological wellness administration clients and the significance of defending open wellbeing. Arrangements for progressively necessary treatment, remembering the expansion of impulse to individuals living for the network and bolting up individuals named as having character issue that have not been indicted for any offense, are arranged. Plainly, nobody strategy or program will be adequate to address all the issues of the individuals who decide to parent, however a blend of administrations that fill in the holes left by cutting edge changes to conventional consideration giving systems can have a critical effect in the lives of people and families and lead to improved general wellbeing measures. Home appearance programs, whenever executed accurately, can be one powerful bit of this pie. Administration clients have so far had close to nothing or nothing to do with the legislatures proposed changes. They dread that these will bring about their privileges being additionally confined and being oppressed without wanting to harming medicines. They dread that along these lines, many help clients will attempt to stay away from psychological wellness benefits at any cost and be denied any help. They dread that administration psychological well-being strategy will increment as opposed to lessen social rejection as it is intende d to.

Role of Information System in HRM

Question: Examine about the Role of Information System in HRM. Answer: Presentation HR the board essentially alludes to the administration of individuals in associations. It involves the exercises, practices, and approaches that all connection up to holding the fitting number of representatives to achieve the associations goals. The three primary HRM exercises that exist in any business work incorporate; obtaining, keeping up and creating HR The point of HRM in any association is to oversee workers contribution to get ideal efficiency and viability. In addition, with the changing industry condition internationally, Human asset supervisors should know that adjustment in innovation won't just affect how they oversee ability obtaining yet in addition on the efficiency of the association (Shiri, 2012). Human Resource Information System (HRIS) HRIS can be depicted as a coordinated framework use to accumulate, examine and store data with respect to an associations HR. At the end of the day, HRIS is a state of crossing point among HRM and Information innovation. This framework permits human asset administrators to procure, store examine and circulate data in a productive and agreeable way (Shiri,2012) Connection Between HRM and HRIS Taking a gander at the writing above, it is apparent that HRIS fills in as a database that causes it conceivable to store to oversee, control, convey and present information for HR. Therefore, a proficient HRIS must take into account the coordination and digestion of HR strategies and techniques with an associations PC equipment and programming applications. For example, an assembling organization is intending to run an advancement of their items. The HRM group can, consequently, chip away at advancement technique whereby the advancement use isn't to surpass 6 percent of the pay. This can be simple for an organization where HRIS has been incorporated into their framework. Just they would require it to program this methodology into the framework and in this manner mistakes could be hailed inside the framework when they happen (Enfield, et al, 2011) An incorporated HRIS contains a database that can be shared by all human asset capacities. This implies all human asset exercises that structure the human asset the board can be overseen from an essential issue. Kaplan and Norton (2013) note that mix of data frameworks into the HRM has streamlined the errand of experiencing a lot of information, particularly by the ability procurement group. The headway and utilization of data framework have additionally affected on finance preparing, and records keeping as firms have moved from manual accounting to utilization of databases that can document enormous volumes of information which can be recovered at more noteworthy straightforwardness. Utilization of Information Systems in HRM has changed how this associations approach issues to manage representatives maintenance and obtaining, business procedures and efficiency. Amy (2010), takes note of that the idea of Human Resource Management System is an incredible asset that associations can receive to control the exhibition and conduct of workers to make business progress. In addition there has been a change in outlook from the utilization of HRM as an instrument to lead the association to accomplish upper hand to a body that controls the activities of the whole association. Subsequently, the presentation of Information framework into HRM has been invited by nearby and global associations. For example, a worldwide organization like Coca-cola has completely incorporated data framework into its HRM procedures, and this had prompted more noteworthy efficiency and simplicity of activity in its various chains over the globe (Goulden, 2011). Because of this change in outlook, Sameni Khoshalhan (2006) note that Human asset procedures ought to be custom-made so that they are in concordance with the association's key targets. Likewise, this methodology ought to be centered around making a vital IT plan that will in the long run convert into a proper HRIS vital arrangement that would push the association to more prominent efficiency. Use of HRIS Data framework has its impressions in pretty much every part of HRM. Instances of a portion of the significant zones where it is being utilized in human asset incorporate; Electronic worker profile; This is a web application that gives an incorporated database where all representative data come be recovered and chronicled for sometime later. Overseeing of representative profile as a rule lies with the supervisor, the worker and the human asset group. Electronic enrollment; This is an online enlistment device that enables the human asset to obtain abilities effortlessly and neighborly way. These online devices permit associations to pull in a more grounded and different pool of candidates. Today numerous associations have moved their concentration to the web to look for possibility to join their group. This is on the grounds that the web offers a wide pool to the two managers and those searching for employments because of the presence of many selecting sites available to them (Herman, Shalaby Bundgen, 2010). Electronic learning; E-learning is an amazing asset that needs to empower bosses to prepare and enable their representatives in the least demanding manner conceivable. This apparatus accompanies virtual study halls, PC based learning and other learning materials that make learning intuitive. One significant bit of leeway to E-figuring out how to the association is that it diminishes the expense of preparing workers extensively. It likewise builds worker adaptability because of the presence of virtual study hall in this manner staff can be prepared from an offsite area. The apparatus likewise offers better following and the executives of staff preparing (Hedman Henningsson,2011). End. In outline, HRIS is a cutting edge strategy for executing human asset procedures and arrangements using IT and electronic innovation An examination of the above writing uncovers that Human asset data framework isn't only an instrument utilized my Human asset administrators to make their work simpler, however this is a propelled business arrangement that gives fates answers for todays HRM challenges. This is a direct result of its capacity to give ongoing help in the administration of every single authoritative movement and data expected to oversee Human Resource in these associations. It is an effective and easy to use apparatus which makes it available to various clients inside the association. Likewise, reconciliation of HRIS is the most ideal approach for present day organizations since it covers all fundamentals of HRM like organization, work force, preparing, training, ability securing and profession improvement of representatives. References Amy, L. (2010). Improving your association with the uprightness HR review. Recovered from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhWDWgy27M0Enfield J., Myers R. D., Lara M. what's more, Frick T. W. (2011). Advancements dissemination: Assessment of systems inside then dispersion and reproduction game. Recreation and gaming, 20 (10), 1-27. Goulden, B. (2011). Overseeing human capital in the ICT part in Africa difficulties and arrangements .Retrieved from:https://pygmaconsulting.com/Managing%20Human%20Capital%203-11%20elec.pdf Hedman J. Henningsson S. (2011). Three techniques for green IT. IT Professionals: IEEEcomputer society, 13(1), 54-57. Herman H., Shalaby B. R., Bundgen R. (2010). The greeing of Business.Frankfurt: Am Main:International GmgH. Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P. (2008). Execution premium.Harvard Business PressSameni M. K. Khoshalhan F. . (July 2006). Examination of Human Resource Development for Data Technology and E-Commerce in Iran. Innovation Management for the Global Future (pp. (3) 1186-1202). IEEE: PICMET 2006 (ISBN: 1-890843-14-8) Shiri, S.(2012) Strategic Role of HR Audit in Organizational Effectiveness. Diary ofManagement Public Policy Vol. 3, No. 2, June 2012,pp. 39-45ISSN (Print): 0976-013X ISSN (Online): 0976-0148. Shiri, S.(2012) Effectiveness of Human Resource Information System on HR Functions of theOrganization A Cross Sectional Study. US-China Education Review A 9 (2012) 830-839

Danone and Sutas free essay sample

Danone and Sutas Brand Description Danone is one of the greatest dairy corporate gatherings on the planet and has a broad arrangement of brands and items. Brand thought In the dairy items area in Turkey, both organization has a legitimate brand picture. The brand thought of both organization center to the characteristic items. Danone shows this with â€Å"Bringing wellbeing trough nourishment to the same number of individuals as possible†. Then again, Sutas protects this thought with â€Å"Following us, take you to goodness and common flavor. †. Both organization strives to help the primary thought of the brands. Danone underpins the association to improve the milk providers and ranchers and to increase milk creation expectations to the European levels, for example, ‘Farmer Improvement Programs’, ‘Healthy my milk, support my villages’. Then again, Sutas bolsters the flexibly chain approach which is based of complete quality administration arranged business forms, to guarantee the necessities of the idea of from grass to table. So the principle creation framework depends on ‘Food Safety Management System’. At the point when we take a gander at the two organizations, we can say that Danone adheres to worldwide business norms to keep up its image thought. Furthermore, Sutas attempts to protect the name of the supplier of new and day by day milk supplier proceeded for a long time by conventional ways. Brand Image Danone is a universal dairy maker organization. When addressed on Danone’s brand picture in any nation, Danone items sold, purchasers are bound to answer ‘healthy’ and ‘pleasure’. In Turkey, shoppers bound to answer ‘high quality’, ‘healthy’, ‘foreign company’, ‘probiotic products’ and ‘pleasure’. In any case, the news distributed in Romaine about the Danone items containing cancer-causing substances influenced the brand picture of the brand bad. Also the governmental issues about Israel changed the contemplations of certain buyers on the brand. As a finish of these circumstances, inverse brand picture is happened as a ‘pro-war’ and ‘unhealthy’ on the consumers’ mind. Then again, when addressed on Sutas’s brand picture, the vast majority of the clients answer ‘fresh and every day milk’, ‘healthy’, ‘natural’ and ‘clean production’. This shows Sutas could accomplish to make a brand picture corresponding to its image thought. Brand Awareness and Connection with Consumers * Brand mindfulness and Brand emotions As the two generally famous of dairy items division Danone and Sutas consistently take attractions of the shoppers on the racks. Turkeys milkman by customers. This brand picture brings to organization high brand awarness in the business sectors. Particularly Sutass day by day drains pulls in shoppers in the racks. At the point when we take a gander at the market inquires about, piece of the pie of Sutas still increments. In 2009, the absolute piece of the pie of Sutas was 15. 6 percent,in 2010 it was 17,5 and in 2011, it was 20,4 and in 2012, it expanded to 23,6. Then again, Danone has been serving from 1998. At the point when we take a gander at Danone brand mindfulness, we can see Danone’s effective brand mindfulness works. For example, Danino’s battle ‘Discover the Animals’. This crusade took the IAB Mixx Awards Europe in 2012 as the best brand mindfulness and situating effort. The â€Å"Discover the Animals† application has been utilized by 2 million unique clients. It increased more than 180,000 individuals who encountered the Danino’s page. In excess of 500,000 magnets were sold and this number compares to 3 million Danino item deals all around Turkey. Moreover, Danone Activia crusade brings a high item and brand attention to the organization. At the first run through, the item was propelled to the market; brand picture among purchasers was occured as an old person’s yogurt for upset stomachs. A system group of Danone attempted to build up a brand position and correspondence procedure that moved Activia yogurt to a consistently on and effectively working yogurt that keeps you, your best †Not only a probiotic answer for stomach throbs. Piece of the overall industry of Danone expanded across 10 percent with this 10 million dollar work. Additionally Sutas propelled Yovita, probiotic item to the market to take an offer from 20 million dollar probiotic division which establishes 4.6% of the dairy items area. Be that as it may, Danone’s Activia has been cherished by ladies more than Yovita so we can see that Activia’s piece of the overall industry is 55 percent and Yovita’s 45 percent. Most shoppers believe that Sutas’s Yovita is a supporter of Activia in probiotic segment. Then again, in day by day or sanitized milk items, most buyers feel that Sutas considerably more regular and sound contrast with the Danone. In any case, with the expansion in the quantity of dairy items producer, a few purchasers have been begun to believe that Danone and Sutas progressively costly that the quality they offer. Purpose of Parities and Differences of Brands Sutas and Danone are the most remarkable opponents of one another in the market. Then again, we can see that there are numerous distinctions just as likenesses. Sutas in dairy items part from 1975, however Danone has been serving from 1998 in dairy items, from the finish of 2007, it has been serving in child and sustenance item division. At the point when we take a gander at the creation and dispersion channels of the organizations, Danone makes creation in seven distinct urban communities around Turkey while Sutas makes in two offices. Two organizations focus on conveyance channels to arrive at each piece of Turkey. In any case, Sutas give significantly more consideration and work to day by day created milk so it utilizes its dispersion channels all the more viably to convey item delivered each day in 12 hours, yet Danone has no aim on this bearing. Contrast from Sutas, Danone has a high notoriety and client consideration since it is a notable worldwide organization and it attempts to get the universal measures underway. Then again, Sutas has been serving for quite a long while and having numerous long stretches of involvement with the dairy showcase gets confidence to the brand and high notoriety. Additionally clients interiorized Sutas as customary dairy maker. Sutas has more items decision in dairy item segment contrast with Danone. Danone serves in dairy item part more, Sutas benefits in the market with milk, cheddar, yogurt, margarine, infant and childrens items, wellness and wellbeing items, new dairy treats, mechanical items and results of mass utilization outside the home. Sutas is known as ‘Turkey’s milkman’, however Danone has no such sort of explicit item situating in Turkey. Both organization allot noteworthy financial plan for the social duty activities and make associations and occasions in this reason.

Spanish Translation of To Turn

The verb turn is one of those verbs that has so many meanings that when translating to Spanish you may find it useful to try translating a synonym instead. For example, turn in The car turned into the driveway and turn in The caterpillar turned into a butterfly have such vastly different meanings that it wouldnt make sense to think that a single Spanish verb could be used both times in translation. As always, the principle here is to translate the meaning rather than the word. Although there are dozens of ways you might translate turn depending on the context, following are some of the most common. Translating ‘Turn’ as a Verb of Motion to Spanish When turn or turn around means to rotate, girar or, less commonly, rotar can often be used. Venus, el segundo planeta, gira una vez cada 243 dà ­as terrestres. (Venus, the second planet, turns around once every 243 Earth days.)El monstruo tenà ­a una cabeza que rotaba 360 grados. (The monster had a head that turned 360 degrees.) ¡Gira la ruleta para obtener un premio! (Turn the roulette wheel to win a prize!)Lo que sucede es que no gira la ruedita donde va el DVD. (What happens is that the platter where the DVD goes isnt turning.) Girar can also be used to refer to a change in direction, such as turning to the right or left. Los coches giraron bruscamente para evitar la colisià ³n. (The cars turned abruptly in order to keep from crashing.)Puedes girar a la derecha para ver una puerta cerrada. (You can turn to the right in order to see a closed door.)El presidente de la repà ºblica gira a la izquierda. (The president of the republic is turning to the left.) Torcer (related to the word torque) can sometimes be used for turn when it refers to twisting. Un poco mà ¡s arriba, la calle tuerce a la derecha de nuevo en un à ¡ngulo de 90 grados hacia el norte. (A little bit higher, the street turns to the right again at an angle of 90 degrees toward the north.)Inserta un tornillo en cada agujero y tuà ©rcelo para que los agujeros queden alineados unos con otros. (Insert a screw in each hole and turn it so that the holes stay lined up with each other.) Translating ‘Turn’ as a Verb of Change to Spanish When turn refers to change in nature rather than of direction, you can often use one of the verbs of becoming. Mi hijita ha llegado a ser un adulto. (My dear daughter has turned into an adult.)Justo cuando la oruga pensà ³ que el mundo habà ­a llegado a su fin, se convirtià ³ en una mariposa. (Just when the caterpillar thought the world had come to an end, she turned into a butterfly.)Marà ­a se puso triste al escuchar la cancià ³n escrita por su madre. (Maria turned sad when she heard the song written by her mother.) Translating Phrases Using ‘Turn’ to Spanish The phrase turn around, when it means facing the opposite direction, can often be translated by darse la vuelta. El hombre se dio la vuelta y mirà ³ a las montaà ±as. (The man turned around and looked at the mountains.)Wall Street se da la vuelta tras un buen dato de confianza del consumidor. (Wall Street is turning around after upbeat data on consumer confidence.) Turn away can be translated by phrases meaning to look somewhere else or by abandonar or a similar verb when it means to change a mode of living. Por fin apartà © la vista de la pantalla de mà ³vil y mirà © a mis amigas. (I finally turned away from my phone screen and looked at my friends.)En solo dos meses abandonà ³ las drogas por completo. (In only two months he turned completely away from drugs.) Turn down when referring to rejection can be translated with rechazar: Sin embargo, la empleada de la agencia me rechazà ³. (Nevertheless, the employee at the agency turned me down.) But when turn down refers to lowering the intensity of something, you can use bajar: Las personas en la casa no bajaron el volumen, y los vecinos llamaron a la policà ­a. (The people at home didnt turn downs the volume, and the neighbors called the police.) Turn on, when it means to switch on, can be translated as encender: El gobierno encendià ³ las luces como un regalo para el pueblo del Zulia. (The government turned on the lights as a gift for the people of Zulia.) But note that turn on can sometimes mean to turn against, which can be translated as volver(se) en contra or poner(se) en contra: La poblacià ³n local se volvià ³ en contra los alemanes. (The local population turned against the Germans.) Turn off, when it means to switch off, can be expressed with apagar: Voy a apagar la luz para pensar en ti. (Im going to turn off the light to think about you.) Turn in, when it means to hand over, can often be expressed using entregar: Necesito una cita para entregar mis papeles. (I need an appointment to turn in my papers.) But if turn in means to go to bed, you can use ir a la cama or acostarse: Me acosto a las diez. (Im turning in at 10.)

Nihilism and Existentialism in Cormac McCarthys The Crossing

Nihilism and Existentialism in Cormac McCarthys The Crossing Cormac McCarthys second book in The Border Trilogy offers an impressive array of worldviews all competing together in the larger narrative framework of the novel. These are not only expressed through the life of the protagonist Billy Parham and his brother Boyd, but also in the narratives of the many people they encounter on their horseback journeys through the hot desert sands of Mexico. Critic Robert L. Jarrett, associate professor of English at the University of Houston-Downtown, suggests the same in Cormac McCarthy, noting that Despite the claims of the ex-priest [in The Crossing] that all mens tales are one, such visions or tales are individual, highly†¦show more content†¦In his encyclopedic entry Nihilism, Dr. Alan Pratt, professor of Humanities at Embry-Riddle University, points to the passage in Shakespeares Macbeth when she goes into her soliloquy about the futility of life to demonstrate the stance of the existential nihilist in classic literature: Out, out, brief candle! Lifes but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more; it is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing. (Qtd. in Pratt, para. 12.) Other well-known motifs that express the existential nihilists perspective of life include the Greek tale of Sisyphus, first noted by novelist Albert Camus in his 1942 book The Myth of Sisyphus. Sisyphus was a cruel king in Corinth who was condemned to spend eternity rolling a huge boulder up a mountain, knowing full well that once he reached the top it would again only come rumbling back down, yet he shouldered his burden again and again, faithfully trudging back up the mountainside in compliance with his fate. For the existential nihilist, the

Racial Gap And Social Mobility - 1139 Words

Talking of race or rather ethnicity in line with its effects in today’s attainment of life chances and opportunities by individuals for social mobility, we are prompted to conceptualize on matters appertaining to civil rights of individuals in various fields ranging from job allocations, medical attention, education, and distribution of resources. Social mobility refers to a tier in an open system of social strata that involves movement of various categories of people in a societal set up and majorly highlights issues to do with these people’s status characteristics. The most pernicious racial divide in the current world is in social mobility. This is in reference to the gap that coexists between a child born white, and a child born black. Racial gaps today are rampant in various sectors and thus pose a reflection of disproportionate representation of black families at the lower scale of income appendage (de Souza Briggs, 37-42). The chances of moving up or down the fam ily income ladder by race and parent’s quintile is unequal based on the skewed income distribution by race. A society can be in a position of high absolute mobility and also low relative mobility. The availability of at least some social mobility is key in providing conduits to greater equality in societies with high social inequality. Social mobility however can typically be hypothesized in terms of its direction and distance based on the quantity of the movement. 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Marketing Communications of Starbucks

Question: Describe about the Marketing Communications of Starbucks? Answer: Introduction Marketing communication is the desired strategy that is used by various organizations for communicating with the respective customers. The communication process is considered to be of great importance for any organization as it helps to understand the desired requirements and the issues of the respective customers (Carroll, 2013). This report will evaluate the desired marketing communication strategies of Starbucks of United Kingdom. Market research is the complementary part of the communication process which helps in understanding the desired requirements of the customers and the information is then transferred to the suppliers of the raw materials (Farmer, Brown, Reilly Bevan, 2013). Marketing communication mix strategies play vital role in promoting the significant growth of the organization to a large extent. Summary of the organization The Starbucks has created its reputation throughout the United Kingdom by offering the best and high quality of the services to the customers (Starbucks Coffee Company, 2016). Starbucks is the American coffee company as well as the coffee house chain (Finne Grnroos, 2009). The chain was established and founded in 1971 in Washington. The corporation offers the wide range of the food products and services to the respective customers. These consist of hot and cold drinks and different coffee products. The company became first profitable the year 1980s. The company used different promotional strategies to evaluate its significant growth and to capture the entire market segments ("Googles latest accomplishment: refining marketing practice", 2012). Integrated marketing communication is the desired concept in the marketing management that helps in integrating all the marketing process to improve the brand reputation and brand value of the concerned organization (Gordon Miller, 2012). Star bucks used the tool of integrated marketing communication in order to increase the effectiveness of the organization and this also enhanced the customer satisfaction level. Critical analysis of Marketing Communications strategy Marketing communication plays the major role in developing the proper relationship with the customers. The marketing communication models are merely based on research studies that explain the working of the communication process for marketing a particular product (Grundspenkis, 2010). There are different types of models in the marketing communication for any of the particular company. It is evident to know that Marketing Communications can make or break particular brand by creating the desired image of the brand in the minds of the respective customers (Hooley, Piercy Nicoulaud, 2012). There are different models such as AIDAS MODEL, DAGMAR MODEL, MODEL OF JOYEE, ADVERTISING EXPOSURE MODEL and HEIGHTENED APPRECIATION MODEL. For the better understanding of the concepts of marketing communications, AIDAS MODEL has been taken into consideration. This is one of the most oldest and popular communication models that help in establishing the desired relationship with the respective customer s of the concerned organization (Spanyol, 2014). The hierarchical model was proposed for selling with the different ages and it was given bay St. Elmo Lewis in the year 1990. These stages are like attract, attention, interest, maintain, to get the desired customer and creating the desired of the customer (Levinson, Meyerson Scarborough, 2008). There were certain changes in the model and later on the model that was proposed was AIDAS which stands for Attention, Interest, Desire, Action and the complete permanent satisfaction. The various stages in this process describe the marketing communication strategy for the consumers (Mclean, 2010). Attention signifies to get the desired attention of the respective customers. The next is the Interest, which aims to give interest to the customers regarding the product by providing sufficient informations to them. On the other hand, it will reveal the information that will satisfy the desired needs of the customers regarding the product. Then th e Outcome which tells the desired opinion of the customers related to the product delivered to them. It helps it understanding the feedback or the requirements of the consumers that will help in satisfying their particular needs. Next is the desire, which helps in creating the sense of desired in the customers for buying the product. This is mainly done by highlighting the benefits of the products that will help in satisfying the actual needs to the respective customers (Rice Atkin, 2013). The next is the action, which demands the desired demands from the different customers regarding the purchasing of the particular product. The simplest method to get the desired action from the customers is to form a particular toll-free number through which the customers will get in touch with the representatives of the organization. The final stage is the Satisfaction, which helps in evaluating the desired fact that the customer is satisfied after purchasing the product (Richeri, Zhang Jiang, 2013). Thus, Starbuck Corporation uses this method to enhance the effectiveness of its business processes. Evaluation of the analysis The AIDAS model of the marketing communication helps in understanding the desired requirements of the customers related to the products and Services offered by the organization (Scott, 2010). Starbuck is one of the leading companies throughout the United Kingdom and the company has done exceptionally well in capturing the market segments (Seethaler, 2009). The main purpose of this model is to attract the customers towards the products offered by the organization and thus, it will increase the selling of the products in the market segments. It is very important for the organizations to understand the desired requirements of the customers related to the products and services offered by the concerned organization. Satisfied customers are the key to success of the entire organization. Conclusion The report evaluates the facts related to the Marketing Communication Strategy adopted by the well-known company, Starbuck. AIDAS Model has been selected to understand the desired concepts of the marketing communication strategy. This model provides information related to attracting the customers and the ways for influencing the respective customers. Therefore, it is very important for the organizations to understand the desired requirements of the customers and provides services as per the requirements. References Carroll, C. (2013).The handbook of communication and corporate reputation. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell. Farmer, M., Brown, D., Reilly, P., Bevan, S. (2013). Executive Remuneration in the United Kingdom: Will the Coalition Government's Latest Reforms Secure Improvement and What Else Is Required?.Compensation Benefits Review,45(1), 26-33. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886368713485037 Finne, ., Grnroos, C. (2009). Rethinking marketing communication: From integrated marketing communication to relationship communication.Journal Of Marketing Communications,15(2-3), 179-195. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13527260902757654 Googles latest accomplishment: refining marketing practice. (2012).Journal Of Consumer Marketing,29(3). https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm.2012.07729caa.002 Gordon, M., Miller, V. (2012).Conversations about job performance. [New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017): Business Expert Press. Grundspenkis, J. (2010).Advances in databases and information systems. Berlin: Springer. Hooley, G., Piercy, N., Nicoulaud, B. (2012).Marketing strategy competitive positioning. Harlow, England: Pearson Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Levinson, J., Meyerson, M., Scarborough, M. (2008).Guerrilla marketing on the Internet. [Irvine, CA]: Entrepreneur Press. Mclean, S. (2010). Analysis of the potential impact of the latest Asbestos Survey Guide upon Asbestos surveys and surveyors in the United Kingdom.J Build Appraisal,6(1), 1-3. https://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jba.2010.10 Rice, R., Atkin, C. (2013).Public communication campaigns. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE. Richeri, G., Zhang, Z., Jiang, F. (2013). The latest look at media studies in China.Studies In Communication Sciences,13(2), 106. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scoms.2013.11.003 Scott, D. (2010).The new rules of marketing and PR. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Seethaler, S. (2009).Lies damned lies, and science. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: FT Press. Spanyol, T. (2014). Nuisance calls latest.J Direct Data Digit Mark Pract,15(4), 348-350. https://dx.doi.org/10.1057/dddmp.2014.31 Starbucks Coffee Company, (2016).Starbucks coffee shops - Starbucks.co.uk. Retrieved 31 January 2016, from https://www.starbucks.co.uk/

Incident in the life of slave girl Essay Example

Incident in the life of slave girl Essay The Incidents In The Life Of A Slave Girl In the American Literature, Harriet Jacobs published Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl based on the events in her own life. In the book of Incidents in the Life of Slave Girl, the author tells us an excellent story of her twenty years spent in slavery with her masters. The main purpose of this book is to give people an inside look at some of the violence that took place during slavery. Jacobs hope was to give thousands of White Northern women a realizing sense of the condition of two millions of women at the South, still in bondage, suffering what I have suffered, and most of them far worse. In Jacob youth, she had a good master and mistress and was treated well. As a young girl, she learned to read and write, which was highly rare among slaves. Jacobs mistress was so kind to her that she was always glad to do her bidding, and proud to labor for her as much as her young years would permit. When her mistress died, she was passed on to the daughter as an inheritance and the daughter married an older man who was as evil as most of the other slave holders. She witnessed his cruelty personally. His name is Dr. Flint. The author does not portray herself entirely as a hero but describes the steps she took to avoid becoming the sexual slave of Flint. When she reached puberty, Dr. Flint decided to have her and produce a new stock of slaves through her. She avoided his advances. Having been taught Christianity and moral values, Jacob did not want to spoil herself and her body. Finally, to avoid him, she allowed herself to be impregnated by a compassionately neighboring slaveholder who at least treated her decent and have two children with him. Jacob had a son, Ben, and a daughter, Ellen. Her master was really mad and became obsessed with controlling her. He refused to sell her or her children to anyone for

The Importance of Music Nowadays Research Paper Example

The Importance of Music Nowadays Research Paper Example The Importance of Music Nowadays Paper The Importance of Music Nowadays Paper Music has accompanied people from time immemorial. In ancient times, music was part of religious ritual; in the Middles Ages, the first polyphonic compositions were written to praise God, and from the Renaissance, the world has seen an enormous development of different music forms. Today, you can hear music everywhere, at a concert, at home and even in a supermarket. It is difficult to imagine what the world would be like if there were no music. In this essay, I will examine this subject from the point of view of the professional musician and the music teacher, and to make the picture more complete, I will give my views. What, then, is music or how is this concept understood? If you ask a graduate of a conservatoire, or consult an encyclopaedia, you will know that music is the art of combining sounds into a unified whole, usually for an aesthetic purpose. This definition means that any piece of music has to be written by someone. For most of us, however, music is something we take for granted. You can buy a CD for a tiny fraction of your salary, or using your computer, at the flick of a switch, you can get the latest hits for free. Therefore, it is no wonder that the status of music has diminished substantially in the last fifty years. Professional musicians – who, as usual in such cases, should earn fame and fortune – are fighting a losing battle with ever cheaper sound systems. For most of them, it is not easy to get an opportunity to play live, let alone to find a place in a classical orchestra. Only few are lucky enough to make a career and big money; the rest end up as music teachers or have to retrain for jobs which will make them employable. As far as music teachers are concerned, whether retrained or otherwise, they cannot understand why so little emphasis is placed on aesthetic values in education today. They feel very disappointed as they see music giving way to mathematics and foreign languages. They claim that in the long run music can develop children’s creativity and imagination. Another benefit of musical skills, according to teachers, is making new friends. Music, they add, is a universal language which bridges the gaps in human relationships. It is often said that people from opposing factions are on common ground when they play or talk about music. Having presented the views of professional musicians and music teachers, I want to offer my thoughts on the subject. I have attended a music school, and I have to say that those were very important years in the formation of my character, temperament and stamina. On many occasions, being dejected and dispirited, I tried to seek and then I found refuge in my music. Also, through music, I have made a lot of friends and been to many places in the world. Last but not least, playing music is a good exercise for your brain and body and is more enjoyable than listening to it. The status of music would be raised if we made a concerted effort to give it due attention: music lessons as important as mathematics and languages, more financial support to professional musicians, less publicity surrounding the release of a new hit and more programmes about classical music.

My personal development plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

My personal development plan - Coursework Example In my life, I have some innate skills that I have obtained in the course of life and which I do not struggle to develop while I am working within an organisation or for my own good. These skills help me to overcome various challenges in life and make it easy for me to implement activities in a very easy way without making any consultation from different people. For example, I have skills in communication, which I acquired through my education and a person interested in different things in the world, I have developed my ability in written and spoken Arab as well as in English. In English, I have developed the skills since birth as I am a native English speaker and can communicate to different people with ease of understanding of their language and forms of communication. In addition, I advanced my skills in English following my study at the University of Buckingham where I attained a certificate in effective communication between 2008 and 2009. This was in my attempt to enhance my com petence in the English language as a language of communication in my endeavours as I practice my skills in marketing and promotion. This was also in understanding that marketing and promotion, in which I major, needs people who are fluent in their modes of communication as one interacts with different people in the market and convincing them to purchase products. My skills in written and spoken Arabic was put in to test when I worked for Coca-Cola Company in Yemen in 2011 from June and September and during my four weeks internship in Egypt.

Inclusion Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

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Prevalence of One Party Rule in African States Essay Example for Free

Prevalence of One Party Rule in African States Essay Africa, often known as the ‘Dark Continent’ rightfully occupies its place as the ‘Cradle of Civilization’ as the first humans have been known to originate from this continent of diverse ethnicities, tribes and clans. Since ancient times, the very nature of African society predicated formation of kingdoms and states centered on ethnicities and clans. Later, the advent of colonialism brought to Africa new forms of governance, which included democratization, socialism, communism and dictatorships. One enduring feature of African style of governance has been the prevalence of one party rule in most African countries. This paper examines why there is such a preference for such single party model of governance in Africa. To fully examine the subject, this paper shall first provide a historical overview of the progression of styles of governance in Africa and then examine the trends in major countries that make up the African continent. The paper will argue that the intrinsic nature of the African society and the effects of colonialism predispose them to following a one party rule. Historical Overview Africa is the world’s second largest continent both in terms of size and population and has 54 countries many of which are struggling democracies, a few communist regimes, and a number of authoritarian regimes bordering on dictatorship. Since ancient times, Africa had its indigenous systems of governance based on tribes and ethnic affinities. Africa also had great civilizations like the Egyptian civilization in 3300 B. C (Martin OMeara, 1995, p. 79). The earliest foreign influence came in 814 B. C. with the founding of Carthage in present day Tunisia under the Roman Empire which was followed by Persian domination of Egypt. In 332 B. C. , Alexander the Great replaced the Persian domination of Egypt and Roman rule continued in much of North Africa till the advent of Islam in the early 7th century (Martin OMeara, p. 99). In all these cases, the style of governance was centralized, as exercised by the emperor based in Rome or Persia through an appointed sovereign. The influence was limited mostly to North Africa, while the rest of Africa was considered too difficult to traverse due to thick jungles. Thus even in North Africa, from ancient times, the focus was on one –man rule and that more or less ‘conditioned’ the North African people to accept models of ‘uni-power’ in those times. Since the jungles were impassable and large number of tribes and ethnicities abounded, it was natural that rest of Africa had thousands of small kingdoms, states and at times independent nomadic tribes who dominated a particular territory. Each tribe had its own set of rules, customs, traditions and styles of governance, which again was predicated on the rule of one man or a tribal elder. The concept of Greek ‘city-state’ like democracy complete with a senate and an executive was non-existence. Over time, some of the tribes became more powerful and evolved into larger settled kingdoms that coalesced around similar ethnicities and language such as the Ghanaian empire that existed in 790-1076 A. D. followed by the Mali Empire from 1230 to 1600 A. D. (Martin OMeara, p. 70) The significant changes in style of governance came with the advent of colonialism. From the 18th century and by the late 19th century, most of Africa was divided up between the colonial powers; France, Britain, Portugal, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Italy and Netherlands. Under colonial rule, the African people had to undergo centralized rule of the colonial powers and the brutal suppression of any African revolt reinforced this submissiveness to a one-man rule. During the colonial period, the colonial powers brought with them their systems of governance, jurisprudence and legislation (Martin OMeara, p. 8). Colonialism lost its vigor in the early 20th century and by 1980, most ex-colonies in Africa gained independence. The former colonial powers before exiting from the continent tried to put into place systems of governance in ‘their own image’. Thus across Africa, a variety of ‘democratic’ systems took hold. Most of these ‘democratic systems were basically presidential forms of government, being the closest approximation to what they were used to both as per their pre-colonial experience and their colonial experience. The end of the Second World War gave rise to the Cold War and the Soviet Union tried to expand its influence in Africa also. This gave rise to numerous socialist-communist regimes in Africa that were opposed by the U. S. leading to proxy wars. Having examined the broad trends of the historical period of Africa till the advent of independence, the paper will now examine specific examples of how prevalence of one party rule exists in Africa. It is not intended to cover all 54 countries, but few sample countries that typify the various regions of Africa. For the ease of comprehension and brevity, Africa will be discussed under the heads North Africa, West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa and Southern Africa. North Africa North Africa because of its proximity to Asia had significant influence of Asian and Islamic traditions superimposed on ethnic African traditions and cultures. It is because of the spread of Islam in the 7th century, most of North Africa is Islamic. Islam, an egalitarian religion is considered as a complete body of work wherein all aspects of human life including politics and governance can be practiced through the Quran, the Holy book and the Hadith, the Islamic interpretation of Jurisprudence. Under Islamic law and Islamic political systems, an Islamic state is governed by a Caliph and where a Caliph no longer exists, then by a monarch or a ruler. Ideas such as secularism and democracy have very little congruence with the practice of political Islam. When such a system is overlaid over ancient tribal culture of a village head, it becomes natural that a state be ruled by a monarch or an authoritarian head and if not, the nearest approximation, a single grouping or party. Take for example, Egypt. Egypt, since ancient times was a land ruled by the Pharaohs, then the Persians, Greeks, Romans, Ottomans and the Arabs. In the colonial era, Egypt was ruled by Britain but the largely Islamic populace got independence from Britain in 1922 (Pateman El-Hamamsy, 2003, p. 28). Egypt was initially a constitutional monarchy and had adopted the British parliamentary system of government but constant political interference from Britain led to internal turmoil that finally resulted in a military coup in 1952 (Pateman El-Hamamsy, p. 28) in which the monarchy was overthrown and Egypt declared itself to be a Republic under General Muhammed Naquib. Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser overthrew Naguib in 1954 to become the Egyptian President. Nasser, on assuming power banned all political parties and created a one party named the Liberation Rally to run the government. This move helped him consolidate his power and rule Egypt till his death in 1970 after which he was succeeded by Anwar El-Sadat, the vice President (Pateman El-Hamamsy, p. 29). Sadat carried out political reforms and reverted to a multi-party system (Pateman El-Hamamsy, p. 31); creating one of the parties called the National Democratic Party and remained the President till he was assassinated in 1981 by a group of Egyptian army officers during an army parade (Pateman El-Hamamsy, p. 29). Sadat’s successor, Hosni Mubarak is still in office since 1981 and is the present leader of the National Democratic Party. Though by the Egyptian constitution, multi-party system is allowed, due to sustained state patronage, the National Democratic Party is the only party which has the necessary financial and political clout to win elections. There are other smaller parties that have virtually no chance of winning a single election and till to date Egypt is essentially ruled by a single party. Libya, a British colony was declared as a monarchy under King Idris in 1951 but was overthrown by a revolution led by Colonel Muammer al-Gaddafi in 1969 (Wright, 1981, p. 130) who has ruled the country ever since. Political parties were banned by Gaddafi in 1972 and the country is ruled by the ‘revolutionary leader’, Gaddafi aided by a Revolutionary Committee also called as the People’s Congress. Tunisia was a French protectorate that became independent in 1956 and adopted a Presidential form of government, copying the French model, except that it rapidly turned into an authoritarian police state where most ‘Presidents’ have been military personnel. The present incumbent, President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali is a former military officer (Perkins, 2004, p. 7). On paper, political parties are allowed but in reality, it is only the President’s party, the Constitutional Democratic Rally that gets almost all the seats. The rest of the political parties are usually browbeaten into submission by the state’s security system and there is virtually no free press. The farcical nature of Tunisian ‘democracy’ can be gauged by the fact that in the 2009 presidential election, Ben Ali received 89. 62% votes to continue as the President (Lowe Amara, 2009, p. 1). The ancient kingdom of Morocco, a French and Spanish Protectorate gained independence in 1956 as a constitutional monarchy, a system that continues till to date. Though the King of Morocco has a prime minister, a parliament and a multi-party system, the style of governance continues to be rule by one man, the King (Forum, 2008, p. 49). West Africa In West Africa, the situation is slightly different. Here more than Islamic influence, it was the effect of local dynamics, ethnic rivalries, Christian missionaries and communist influence that has determined the preference for single party rule. Take for example Liberia, the only other country other than Ethiopia which has an American connection rather than a European past. Liberia was created through a private American enterprise to house freed African American slaves and became independent in 1847. Since, the project was American led; Liberia adopted a presidential form of system. However, the American backed Liberian elite who ruled the country came in conflict with 16 other indigenous ethnicities living in Liberia. Since the regime was thrust ‘top down’ from the Americans, tensions quickly developed and a coup by a group of ethnic military soldiers led by Samuel Doe took place in 1980. Doe replaced the presidential republic with his authoritarian regime. Political parties were allowed to exist but their freedom remained curtailed by the regime which furthered the hold of its own party, the National Democratic Party of Liberia. The 1985 election results in which the opposition Liberal Action Party won were declared invalid by Doe, which led to the Liberian Civil War in 1989. Doe was killed and the power passed into the hands of Charles Taylor (Moran, 2008, p. 106), who continued his dictatorial regime which again led to another civil war in 1999 that continued up to 2003 and only came to halt with Charles Taylor being forced into exile in Nigeria. From 1847 till 2003, Liberia was ruled by the Americo-Liberian elite and their single party. Since 2003, a transitional government was put into place with international intervention, which because of corruption was dissolved and fresh presidential elections were again held in 2005 and was won by Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, the head of Unity Party who became the first woman President of an African country (Polgreen, 2005, p. 1). Nigeria got its independence from Britain in 1960 and had numerous political parties. These political parties were sharply defined along ethnic lines comprising of three main ethnicities; the Hausa, the Igbo and the Yoruba (Rotberg, 2007, p. 19). The Yoruba dominated Nigerian National Democratic Party won the elections in 1965, which led to political dissensions and instability resulting in two military coups in 1966. This did not resolve the problem as the Igbo, dominating the Eastern region of the country declared independence from Nigeria leading to the Nigerian civil war 1967-1970 that led to over a million deaths. The civil war ended but not the ethnic strife and the military continued to rule Nigeria with coups and assassination of the presidents being a regular feature. For thirty years, Nigeria continued under military rule till 1999 when it finally elected Lusegun Obasanjo, a former military dictator as its President. Obasanjo was re-elected in 2003 (Rotberg, p. 13) as the President amidst allegations of rigging. Obasanjo was replaced by Umaru YarAdua of the People’s Democratic Party in 2007 and on his demise now been replaced by Goodluck Jonathan (Nossiter, 2010, p. 1). So while the American model was adopted, the actual functioning of a presidential type of government has been a recent development in Nigeria’s history. At present there are two main parties in Nigeria, the ruling People’s Democratic Party and the opposition All Nigeria People’s Party with numerous smaller parties. What must be noted is that a democratic political system in Nigeria is still nascent and fragile and should ethnic differences arise again it will not be long that another military coup will take place in the interests of ‘national security’. Angola became independent in 1975 after having been a Portuguese colony from the 16th century. Angolan independence came right in middle of the Cold War where Soviet influence in Africa was rising. The independent country was immediately plunged into a civil war between the Soviet backed Communist MPLA faction and the American backed anti-communist UNITA rebels (Sheehan, Yong, Lin, 2010, p. 38). The Angolan civil war continued for 27 years (Sheehan, Yong, Lin, p. 43) till declaration of ceasefire in 2002 by which time over 500,000 people were killed. The ideological factions had an ethnic base too wherein the MPLA comprised basically Angolans of the Kimbundu clan and the UNITA, the Ovimbundu tribe. Presently, the Communist MPLA holds power in Angola. As can be deduced, this being a communist regime with no legitimacy, the concept of political parties in a democratic system does not apply. East Africa East Africa including the Horn of Africa portrays a region of extreme instability with a few deceptively stable nations. Sudan, the first country being analyzed, after gaining independence from Egypt and Britain in 1956, was gripped by a civil war till 1973 (Barker, 2008, p. 16). This civil war was basically because of ethnic differences between the people of Northern Sudan (Islamic of Arabic lineage) and Southern Sudan (non-Islamic of non-Arab lineage). While the civil war raged, Khartoum was ruled by the Sudanese military. A ceasefire in 1973 negotiated through granting autonomy to Southern Sudan kept the peace till 1983 when the military general, and the de-facto President, Nimeiry unilaterally decided to incorporate Southern Sudan into a federation. The civil war continued (Barker, p. 18), Nimeiry was ousted in 1983 and replaced by a democratic government under Prime Minister Al Sadig Al Mahdi which was not recognized by the Sudan’s People Liberation Army (SPLA) of Southern Sudan. Civil war continued anew. In 1989, Colonel Omar al-Bashir over threw Prime Minister Al Mahdi, abolished political parties and established an Islamic code on entire Sudan. Al-Bashir formed the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation and allied his group with National Islamic Front to consolidate Islamization of firstly, Northern Sudan and then the rest of the country. In the subsequent military action by the Sudanese army, the SPLA were defeated in Southern Sudan by 1994. Having achieved consolidation, Bashir dissolved the revolutionary council in 1993. In the 1996 election Bashir declared himself to be the only candidate eligible to run for President. All other political parties were disbanded and Bashir converted Sudan into an Islamic state with single party at its helm – the newly created National Congress Party (NCP). Meanwhile, Bashir unleashed a brutal war of suppression on the non-Arab ethnic minorities in the Darfur region using proxy militia known as the Janjaweed that has resulted in deaths of over 400,000 Darfuris (Kessler, 2005, p. 1) leading to an indictment of Al-Bashir by the International Criminal Court for war crimes and genocide. At the tip of the Horn of Africa lies the failed state of Somalia where no functional government exists. Somalia was never formally colonized by any power and had come under a variety of influences ranging from Islamic influence during the Ottoman Empire, Fascist influence under Mussolini’s Italy and then British military administration from 1941 that was replaced by the formation of a republic of Somalia in 1961 with a parliamentary form of government (Lewis, 2008, p. 33). This brief democratic interlude was shattered in 1969 when President Shermake was assassinated and replaced by a military government. The military created the Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party in 1976 and ruled the nation till 1990. Meanwhile, various Islamic factions and clans grew in size and potency that overthrew the military government leading to a series of skirmishes through the period, 1990-1991. The long standing military dictator, Siad Barre was ousted in 1991 and President Ali Muhammed was installed, yet the civil war continued. The UN Security Council approved the United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM) in 1992 that has since been replaced by UNOSOM II with no success. Presently, a Transitional Federal Government (Lewis, p. x)is the internationally recognized government of Somalia whose writ does not even run through the entire city of Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia. In the dismal narrative so far, Kenya appears to be a bright democratic spark in the African continent. After achieving independence from Britain in 1963, Kenya adopted a semi-presidential form of government albeit, with the peculiar African preference for single party rule. The Kenyan constitution mandated formation of only a single party in Kenya. Governments continued to be formed under the single party system until 1992 when electoral reforms were introduced to allow a multiparty system. The elections since then have been held in generally free and fair manner. The 2007 elections were marred by allegations of rigging in which the main opposition party, the Orange Democratic Freedom accused the ruling Party of National Unity for stealing the election. In the ensuing rioting, over 1000 Kenyans lost their lives (Raghavan, 2010, p. 1) and hundreds of thousands were displaced. Peace was restored through international mediation in 2008 and the country is presently being run by a grand coalition of members of both the parties under a new constitution (Raghavan, p. 1). Kenya’s relative stability is attributed to the British colonial era, where unlike the rest of Africa, the colonists set up educational institutions and government infrastructure. Also, unlike the other African countries, 78% of Kenyans are Christians while 10% are Muslims, 10% indigenous and the rest 2% are Asian immigrants (CIA World Factbook, 2010, p. 1). Central Africa In Central Africa, the Republic of Congo has been in the news for decades for all the wrong reasons. Congo received independence from France in 1960 and adopted the French presidential model of governance. However, the first President, Fulbert Youlou was ousted in 1963 by a military coup, which then installed a puppet civilian government (Rorison, 2008, p. 225) and also adopted communist ideology. In 1965, the Congo republic formally joined hands with the Soviet Union, firmly coming into the soviet bloc (Rorison, p. 226). This alignment did not bring about political stability as the original French democratic influence clashed with the ‘uni-power’ Soviet ideology leading to a series of coups and dictatorship under Denis Sassou. During his first spell of rule from 1979 to 1992, Sassou ruled Congo under a single party rule of the Congolese Labor Party (PCT) (Rorison, p. 227). When external pressures grew strong, he introduced multiparty system in 1990 and was defeated in the 1992 Presidential election. Sassou’s ouster led to a civil war between the supporters of Sassou and his competitor Pascal Lissouba. Sassou, a former colonel won the civil war and proclaimed himself as the President in 1997. In 2009, Sassou was sworn in for another seven-year period (Amnesty International, 2010, p. 1). In Congo’s case too, for most of its independent history, the country has been ruled by a single party and now despite a multi-party ‘democracy’ in place, the original political party, the PCT continues to rule the country. Southern Africa In Southern Africa, any discussion regarding Africa would remain incomplete without illustrating the case of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe, originally Rhodesia became independent after a violent struggle with the British in 1980. Throughout the period, 1965-1979, the country was engulfed in a civil war between British government forces and the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) led by Robert Mugabe and the Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) led by Joshua Nkomo as also a number of smaller splinter groups (Raftopoulos Mlambo, 2009, pp. 141-165). In the 1980 elections, Robert Mugabe won by a wide margin but fighting with opposing parties and groups continued. The two main parties the ZANU and ZAPU fought bitterly until 1988 when ceasefire was declared and the two parties merged into ZANU-PF thus starting Zimbabwe’s slide into single party dominated system (Raftopoulos Mlambo, p. 179). Till to date the ZANU-PF has won every single election by force. Mugabe’s policies of throwing out the white farmers and forcibly occupying lands and giving it to the poor black resulted in economic sanctions by the West and a meltdown of the economy. Owing to his bad economic policies, hyperinflation struck the country and created political space for Morgan Tsvangirai of the Movement for Democratic Change to challenge him in the 2008 elections. The results were rigged but could not conclusively establish Tsvangirai’s claim of having won the elections. In September 2008, Mugabe maintained his power as the President by agreeing to share power with Tsvangirai who became the Prime Minister (Raftopoulos Mlambo, p. xxxii). Yet again, the single party rule dominates Zimbabwe. Finally, a discussion of Africa would be incomplete without examining its most prosperous and advanced state – South Africa. In South Africa, the colonial power, the Dutch did not relinquish their hold over the country and continued in the form of Apartheid, which was once again predicated on the dominance of a single party – the White minority party thereby conditioning the people of South Africa to rule by a single party. However, the violent suppression of the minorities could not continue indefinitely and ever since 1961, when South Africa left the British Commonwealth (Berger, 2009, p. 166) the white minority National Party faced constant protest from the black majority for equality. Till 1993, the National Party had banned other political parties (Berger, p. 166) and it was only in the face of sustained international pressure and internal struggle by the black and colored populations that the ban was lifted in 1993 and the African National Congress (ANC) led by Nelson Mandela was allowed to participate in elections. In Mandela, the South Africans found a charismatic leader who exuded the moral authority and statesmanship, which promised to build a future for the suppressed races. Mandela delivered on his promises but also led to consolidation of the ANC as the only party of choice for the people of Africa. The National Party chose to merge with the ANC and this yet again showed the propensity of Africans to prefer single party rule. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be reiterated that analysis of all the regions of Africa shows a remarkable similarity of circumstances that seemed to have shaped their preference for single party rule. The ethnic make up into tribes and clans were at the most basic level, the building blocks for adhering to the instructions of the clan leader or village headman. This obedience in turn was further conditioned by brutal colonial rule, where the colonial masters used every suppressive means to keep the Africans submissive. Suppression and exploitation itself became the rallying point for the African clans to unite and fight for their independence. Since most of the colonial powers only exploited Africa and did not build institutions, the succeeding indigenous governments had no infrastructural back up to employ their people or give immediate succor; naturally, the people fell back to tribal and clan loyalties as rallying forces. Since these points of opposition had to be formed clandestinely, they became sort of secret societies that formed oligarchic groups to fight for independence. On attaining independence the basic dynamics of the groups did not change and they continued as a closed ‘in-group’, which only heightened social inequalities and strife broke out in most cases. As democratic institutions had not been allowed to mature under the colonial period, people tended to cluster around the ‘village headman’, in other words, any leader with some charisma and since one institution that always has a clearly defined leader is the army, most governments became victims of military takeovers. The populace conditioned by colonial repression now became victims of military repression. Military forces needed a ‘democratic fig leaf’ to govern nations and so they set up political parties which were then headed by serving or former military officers to perpetrate the rule of a single party in the states. Parts of Africa that had predominantly Islamic influence adopted Islamic laws, which ideologically are not compatible with democratic secularism. Therefore, these countries by default became ruled by a king or a dictator or by a single party. Where the Cold War intruded the African political space, communist regimes under laid by African tribalism became the dominant feature. In these cases, the political ideology required the rule of the state by a single party. Later, when communist regimes fell, the old habit of single party rule lingered on. Thus the assertion that there is prevalence of one party rule in African states is emphatically proved. However, as can be seen from the examples of African states discussed, the hold of one party system is slowly changing. Multiple parties are emerging as the African people are becoming more aware of the wider world through the process of globalization. They are also realizing the need for multiple choices for governance as a panacea against corruption and despotism. So while the one-party prevalence in Africa may seem predominant at the present, political evolution of the African polity is taking place that will, in time transform into a more inclusive political process across the continent. References Amnesty International. (2010). Congo (Republic of). Retrieved August 11, 2010, from http://www. unhcr. org/refworld/country,,,,COG,,4c03a835c,0. html Barker, G. (2008). Sudan. NY: Marshall Cavendish. Berger, I. (2009). South Africa in World History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CIA World Factbook. (2010, August 3). Kenya. Retrieved August 11, 2010, from https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ke. html Forum, A. P. (2008). An Audit of Police Oversight in Africa. Cape Town: African Minds. Kessler, G. (2005, April 27). State Dept. Defends Estimate Of Deaths in Darfur Conflict. Retrieved August 10, 2010, from Washington Post: http://www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/04/26/AR2005042601397. html Lewis, I. (2008). Understanding Somalia and Somaliland: Culture, History, Society. NY: Columbia University Press. Lowe, C. , Amara, T. (2009, October 26). Tunisian President Wins Fifth Term in Office. Retrieved August 11, 2010, from Reuters: http://www. reuters. com/article/idUSTRE59P03M20091026 Martin, P. M. , OMeara, P. (1995). Africa. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Moran, M. H. (2008). Liberia: The Violence of Democracy . Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania. Nossiter, A. (2010, February 9). Nigerian Parliament Names Acting President. Retrieved August 11, 2010, from New York Times: http://www. nytimes. com/2010/02/10/world/africa/10nigeria. html Pateman, R. , El-Hamamsy, S. (2003). Egypt. NY: Marshall Cavendish. Perkins, K. J. (2004). A History of Modern Tunisia . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Polgreen, L. (2005, November 12). In First for Africa, Woman Wins Election as President of Liberia. Retrieved August 10, 2010, from New York Times: http://www. nytimes. com/2005/11/12/international/africa/12liberia. html Raftopoulos, B. , Mlambo, A. (2009). Becoming Zimbabwe: A History from the Pre-Colonial Period to 2008. Harare: Weaver Press. Raghavan, S. (2010, August 6). Kenyans Celebrate Approval of New Constitution. Retrieved August 10, 2010, from The Washington Post: http://www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/05/AR2010080500525. html Rorison, S. (2008). Congo. Guilford: The Globe Pequot Press Inc. Rotberg, R. I. (2007). Nigeria: Elections and Continuing Challenges. NY: Council for Foreign Relations. Sheehan, S. , Yong, J. L. , Lin, Y. J. (2010). Angola. NY: Marshall Cavendish. Wright, J. (1981). Libya: A Modern History. Beckenham: Croom Helm Ltd.

Essay --

In Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, the Wife of Bath’s Tale holds the unique position of being the only tale told by a lay female in the group. The Wife of Bath is a complex character in this, she isn't what she seems to be, and maybe not even what she herself thinks she is. One may at first believe that she represents a feminist character in this, defending the rights and power of women over men in both her prologue and tale. Though The Wife of Bath seems to see herself as a feminist (more or less as a strong independent female of her time), defending the rights and power of women over men in both her prologue the tales actual perspective is formed from the point of view of a man of the time in this, her entire image seems to shift. Notably, it is valid to state that it is highly unlikely that any man of the time period saw her in this same light; rather she seems to illustrate all of the wrongs that men found in women. Alongside this, it is important to emphasiz e that this tale (The Wife of Bath) begins the "Marriage Group" as G.L. Kittredge called it (even though other marriages appear in the Canterbury Tales fragments), involving the Clerk, the Merchant, the Franklin. In this, her spoken goals expressed in her Prologue, express a certain sort of unspoken implication that exerts that Alisoun intends to take the place of the traditionally held authorities on marriage. The Wife attacks medieval dogma and uses aggression as her defense. The primacy of authority over experience is turned upside-down. This in turn produces a cycle of, experience that yields tolerance, allows exceptions, and sees other views. She exemplifies what a perfect example of a "failed feminist," a weak parody of what men see feminists as. In Chaucer’s... ... when analyzing, explaining, and understanding The Canterbury Tales, especially â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Tale.† It is important to have an even balance between the feminist critics who view Chaucer as feminist, and the feminist critics who view him as antifeminist when trying to unravel this character as a progressive creation. While it can be argued that the Wife of Bath could be an early feminist character, there are too many aspects to her that indicate how she is working within the system rather than outside of it. Alisoun is not a character who sprung fully formed from her creator’s genius. Instead, Alisoun learns how to use what Chaucer initially gives her until she is able to develop her own story, identity, tale, and conclusion. She will forever be a small piece of Geoffrey Chaucer, but she is eternally her own voice that cries out, â€Å"I am Alisoun. I am the Wife.†

Design of Healthy Interior Environments

KDA 320 Healthy Interior Environments Content:Introduction.Identity the bing planes, stuffs and objects.Scheme.Solution.Reference List.Part 1: Introduction What is IAQ about? IAQ stands for Indoor Air Quality, which is a term to depict the distinctive feature of an indoor infinite and concern of the major wellness, safety and public assistance about the design of the infinite. Why Indoor Air Quality is of import?Most of our life, we spend the most clip inside a edifice. Harmonizing to GREENGUARD â€Å"Indoor Air is 2 to 5 Timess More Contaminated Than Outdoor Air†[ ]As when we are inside a edifice, we are exposing to environmental pollutants when take a breathing indoor air.[ 1 ] What affect Indoor Air Quality? There is some chief facet that cause a hapless indoor air quality such as: – Chemicals – Mold – Particulates – Poor Ventilation Inside the procedure of planing a infinite, we need to admonish with the procedure of fabrication and building. Where in this instance the stuff may incorporate and let go of some sums volatile organic compounds ( VOC’s ) . VOC’s can be harmful when the chemicals exposed to human being.[ 2 ] VOC’s normally found in merchandises such as Furniture, Paint, Drywall, Bedding, Paint strippers, Adhesives/glues, Solvents, Upholstery and other fabrics, Carpet, Cleaning merchandises, Copy machine toners, Office supplies, Electronic equipment, Dry-cleaned vesture, Building stuffs.[ 3 ] Formaldehyde, Decane, Butoxyethanol, Isopentane, Limonene, Styrene, Xylenes, Perchloroethylene, Methylene, Chloride, Toluene, Vinyl chloride is some of the common VOCs in places, offices and schools.[ 3 ] What isGREENGUARDCertified Program? â€Å"GREENGUARD Certification is recognized and referenced in legion edifice plans, criterions and specifications around the universe. Merchandises with GREENGUARD Certification or GREENGUARD GoldCertification can lend to the accomplishment of points in established green edifice evaluation systems, satisfy codification or regulation standards and run into indoor air quality specific RFP requirements.†[ 4 ]    Mentionhypertext transfer protocol: //www.greenguard.org/en/CertificationPrograms.aspxGesimondo & A ; Postell, 2011, Materiality and Interior Construction, Wiley P6-8hypertext transfer protocol: //www.greenguard.org/en/indoorAirQuality/iaq_chemicals.aspxhypertext transfer protocol: //www.greenguard.org/en/CertificationPrograms.aspxPart 2a: Public Space – Neil Pitt edifice Hotel Lobby The hotel anteroom takes topographic point at bing Neil Pitt edifice located on Brisbane Street.Length ( m )Height ( m )Surface Area ( m2)Entire Wall and Column60.30m4.2m253.26m2New Built Wall19.05m4.2m80.01m2Display Wall, Partition5.40m4.2m22.68m28.80m1.2m10.56m2Window, Glass Door15.4m4.2m64.68m2Entire––431.19m2Surface Area of Wall( High Impact IAQ ) Floor and Ceiling Area( High Impact on IAQ ) Floor Area = 16.05m ten 18.2m = 292.11m2 Ceiling Area = Floor Area – Void Area = 292.11m2– ( 4.28m x 12.196m ) =239.85m2 Volume of the Space( High Impact on IAQ ) = 18.2m ( L ) x 16.05m ( W ) x 4.2m ( H ) =1226.86m3 From above computation, the surface country of wall has the largest proportion of surface in the country. After subtraction out the divider and window portion, the wall has an country of 333.27m2. Therefore, choice of stuff for this will be most of import as it affect the most IAQ of that country. Floor country that consists of 292.11m2will be the 2nd largest surface within the country. And ceiling will be the last, consists of 239.85m2 The entire volume of this hotel anteroom is around 1226.86m3. For a public infinite like hotel anteroom that is in immense volume, there will be more fondness in airing and humidness of the infinite.Objects:Measure:MaterialCounter1Wood, LaminatePlant14WoodTable7Wood, GlassLighting28Steel, Glass, PlasticSofa4Wood, LeatherChair18Steel, LeatherAir Conditioning4Steel, PlasticOthers––( Low Impact on IAQ )( Medium Impact on IAQ )Objects and Material in the Space Age of Material( Medium Impact on IAQ ) For Neil Pitt edifice, most stuff of the edifice is old and some might necessitate to hold retreatment or renovation on the bing stuff. There will be some impact to look on such as the lumber saving ( may utilize of toxic merchandise ) , bing brick and block ( may happen natural radiation ) , metal ( where some repainting demand to be done ) and some old adhesives or sealers might incorporate some dissolvers.[ 5 ] Mention:hypertext transfer protocol: //www.uq.edu.au/ohs/pdfs/pol-indoorair.pdfPart 2b: Private Space – Holyman House Double Bedroom The dual sleeping room located at Holyman House in Brisbane Street. This hotel room merely a little sleeping room with a dual bed plus a cabinet filled with fabric hanging, Television cabinet and besides workspaces.Length ( m )Height ( m )Surface Area ( m2)Wall15.05m3.76m56.69m2Window2.38m1.45m3.45m2Entire Wall – Window––53.24m2Surface Area of Wall( High Impact IAQ ) Floor and Ceiling Area( High Impact on IAQ ) = 4.44m ten 3.083m – 1.471m x 0.996m = 13.69m2– 1.47m2 =12.27m2( both floor and ceiling ) Volume of the Space( High Impact on IAQ ) = [ 2.969m x 3.083m + 2.087m ten 1.471m ] x 4.2m =45.96m3 For this sleeping room, the wall besides occupied the most surface country with the entire wall size of 53.24m2. The Floor and ceiling occupied the 2nd with 12.27m2each. As for the room volume, this room has a little volume of 45.96m3. Comparison with the public infinite Hotel Lobby, this smaller infinite IAQ will better as got direct entree to the window which provide natural airing. Objects and Material in the SpaceObjects:Measure:MaterialBed1Wood, FabricCabinet3LaminateLighting6Steel, GlassChair1Steel, LeatherTelevision1Steel, Glass, PlasticOthers––( Low Impact on IAQ )( Medium Impact on IAQ )Age of Material( Medium Impact on IAQ ) Similar with Neil Pitt edifice, Holyman house most stuff is old and some might necessitate to hold retreatment or renovation on the bing stuff. Part 2c: Extra FactorVentilationVentilation is a procedure where air altering through an gap in the infinite. Hausladen & A ; Tichelmann reference in their book that: â€Å"Natural airing is a agency of accomplishing a direct exchange between internal and external air through Windowss or dedicated airing louvres or flaps.†[ 6 ] For the Hotel Lobby country, the natural airing is non every bit good as the infinite is deficiency of opening such as window. It merely has a chief door entryway. Therefore for the anteroom country, mechanical airing will be needed. Holyman house sleeping room airing is better where they have own window and the size of the window is suited for the volume of the room. Figure 1[ 7 ]HumidityHumidity is the measure of H2O vapour in the ambiance. In cold topographic points illustration when winter, the humidness is low and for Tasmania, the temperature is cold, hence humidness is easier to command. To forestall grew of cast, humidness must non over the per centum of 70 % . There are several ways that can command humidness inside a room such as airing, temperature control and besides dehumidification.[ 8 ]External AirThere is some common facet between external air and natural airing. As being reference above, Hotel lobby country is harder to acquire external air due to the location and deficiency of gap that expose the infinite to outside air. Mention:Hausladen & A ; Tichelmann, 2010, Interiors Construction Manual: Integrated planning, Finishes and Fittingout, Techncal Services, DETAIL, Birkhauser P174-175Hausladen & A ; Tichelmann, 2010, Interiors Construction Manual: Integrated planning, Finishes and Fittingout, Techncal Services, DETAIL, Birkhauser P174-175Godish, Thad, c1989, Indoor air pollution control. Chelsea, Mich. : Lewis Publishers P167-168Part 3: Indoor Air Quality Strategy As the undertaking is take portion at old edifice, get downing by analyzing the factor of the bing edifice. From the edifice, the chief nucleus stuff will be brick work and concrete. Brick work effects on Indoor Air QualityThey may happen some natural radiation.But this radiation merely to be found low in scope of merchandise.ConcreteConcrete besides may incorporate natural radiationTimberPreservation of lumber might incorporate of toxic merchandise.As this three chief stuff will be found in the bing edifice which still need to be maintain and can’t be replace, I will travel to the following measure of aiming the care plan and remotion facet. The ground of this scheme is because a care of hotel is non easy when clean up, moreover this spread hotel is located individually. For the remotion facet is consider about after few old ages, the hotel might travel through for new redevelopment, repackaging the hotel. Using this, the stuff will be analysis to fit the scheme that traveling to be usage. The three primary surface stuffs will be floor, wall and ceiling. Material Selection – Floor Ceramic floor tiles: Portland cement- based will non breathe any VOCs and/or the growing of harmful allergens. Rug: will be host for dust touchs and cast spores. VOCs found to be emit from the dissolvers, latex backup or the adhesives use in the merchandise installing. Cork: may incorporate vinyl and methanal Linoleum: natural stuff, but some systems contain off-gassing. Some person may sensitivity with the linseed oil. Rubber flooring: disinfectant, but minimum off-gassing opportunities. Vinyl flooring: stuff that is component beginnings of VOCs. Wood flooring: maintainance such as varnishes, discolorations will give off big sums of VOCs.[ 9 ] Stone flooring: hard opposition, broad scope of coatings. Example of rock: Granite, Marble, Travertine.[ 10 ] Mention:Gesimondo & A ; Postell, 2011, Materiality and Interior Construction, Wiley P54-55Gesimondo & A ; Postell, 2011, Materiality and Interior Construction, Wiley P149-151Material Selection – Ceiling Acoustic Ceiling tiles: hold wet control, or wet balance. Some low denseness mineral fiber ceiling can absorb wet and humidness. Largely Low or no VOCs. Recyclable, renewable stuffs. Easy care. Ceramic tile: fireproof, similar with floor ceramic tiles, doesn’t commit VOCs. Low care, odorless. Concrete Ceiling: non see as green stuff, can be recycle. Care may necessitate sealer that might incorporate VOCs. Pressure might do cleft. Gypsum Board: lasting and can organize different form. Susceptible to H2O and wet harm and cause growing of cast. Metallic element Ceiling: Durable. Plaster Ceiling: non wholly environmental sustainable. However they will non breathe VOCs. Absorbs wet. May cleft after sometime. Excessive wet can damage it.[ 11 ] Mention:Gesimondo & A ; Postell, 2011, Materiality and Interior Construction, Wiley P294-320Material Selection – Wall Bead Board: meets the standards of GREENGUARD about the chemical emanations. Contain PVC that is beginning of VOCs. Durable and easy to keep. Brick Masonry: low care and lasting. Good for reuse and recycle. Some brick might be porous such as painting brick. Cement fibreboard: strong and immune to fire, insect and decay. But receive discoloration and will bit. No care required, wet fabric rub for cleansing. Ceramic tiles: similar to floor and ceiling ceramic tile. Easy to keep and lasting. Concrete: similar with concrete ceiling. Glass/ Glazing: transparent, translucent or with opaque stuff. High fire resistant. Installation have sequence for panel parts. Gypsum drywall: similar to gypsum ceiling.[ 12 ] Mention:Gesimondo & A ; Postell, 2011, Materiality and Interior Construction, Wiley P203-283Part 4: Solution to make a better Indoor Air QualityShocking for Hotel LobbyFor the Hotel Lobby, after gone through some list of stuff, rock type shocking which this suite my scheme demand of easy care and remotion facet. Rock flooring is easy to keep and did non incorporate of VOCs in the installing or remotion. There is a disadvantage where rock shocking pricing is rather high comparison to other flooring. The stuff is alone because its nature signifiers of texture. Travertine Stone Floor[ 13 ]Shocking for Hotel RoomsFor the suites, rug will be use although it is harder to clean. The rug supplier that to take will be their stuff is free emanation of VOCs and eco-friendly carpet pad. This is because of rug care is lower comparison to wood flooring, merely cleaning portion will be harder. Carpet besides can do the room experience warmer comparison to the rock flooring that being take to utilize at hotel anteroom. Nylon Rugs[ 14 ] Mention:hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ecostonefloors.com.au/hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ec-group.com.au/ ? view=featuredCeiling for both Hotel Lobby and RoomsAcoustic Ceiling tiles have been choose to be the ceiling stuff because of the non VOCs. It is besides easy to keep and clean. Other than that, acoustic ceiling supply some acoustic demand for the infinite which is an excess benefit other than the indoor air quality. Acoustic Ceiling[ 15 ]Wall for both Hotel Lobby and RoomsBrick masonry wall will be used as for the lasting and easy care scheme. The covering of the wall will be plastered and painted with GREENGUARD certified pigment. There will besides some glass wall at the hotel anteroom to supply natural sunshine into the infinite. Mention:hypertext transfer protocol: //www.gyprock.com.au/Part 5: Mention List Books:Hausladen & A ; Tichelmann, 2010, Interiors Construction Manual: Integrated planning, Finishes and Fittingout, Techncal Services, DETAIL, BirkhauserGesimondo & A ; Postell, 2011, Materiality and Interior Construction, WileyGodish, Thad, c1989, Indoor air pollution control. Chelsea, Mich. : Lewis PublishersBearg, David W. , c1993, Indoor air quality and HVAC systems. Boca Raton, Fla. : Lewis PublishersConran, T. , 2009, Eco House Book, Conran OctopusSusan, M. , 2012, Sustainable Design for Interior Environments, Bloomsbury Acad & A ; ProfWeb site:hypertext transfer protocol: //www.aerias.org/hospitalityhypertext transfer protocol: //www.isiaq.org/hypertext transfer protocol: //www.greenguard.org/en/CertificationPrograms.aspxhypertext transfer protocol: //www.ecostonefloors.com.au/hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ec-group.com.au/ ? view=featuredhypertext transfer protocol: //www.gyprock.com.au/